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主题： 帮忙翻译 (lead) [] |
 发表于 2005/5/16 16:12:00
这有一篇关于铅的文章,请各位有贤之士,大哥大姐帮忙翻译一下,谢谢哦! Lead (Pb) can enter the body through breathing airborne particles or consuming lead that was deposited on surfaces.Lead accumulates in teh body and causes a variety of health effects,including mental retardation and kidney damage.At one time,the primary source of airborne lead was from additives in gasoline.Lead was added to gasoline to help engines run more effectively.Recognition that lead emissions were hazardous resulted in the lead additives being removed from gasoline in North America and Europe.Many other countries in the world,however, still use leaded gasoline but are moving toward eliminating lead.Since leaded gasoline has ben eliminated in much of the developed world, lead levels have fallen.In North America, lead levels fell by 98 percent between 1970 and 2000,and they have fallen by about 50 percent throughout the world.(See figure 17.6.) Another major source of lead is paints.Many older homes have paints that contain lead ,since various lead compounds are colorful pigments.Dust from flaking paint,remodeling,or demolition is released into the atmosphere.Although the amount of lead may be small,its presence in the home can result in significant exposure to inhabitants,particularly young children who chew on painted surfaces and often eat paint chips.Today,however,the major sources of lead are from industrial sources where metals are smelted or batteries are manufactured.
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| 回复：我这也有一段,帮忙翻译一下 发表于2005/5/19 22:01:00 Control of Motor Vehicle Emissions Motor vehicles are the primary source of several important air pollutants :carbon monoxide,volatile organic compounds, and nitrogen oxides.In addition,ozone is a secondary pollutant of automobile use.Placing controls on the emissions from motor vehicles has resulted in a significant improvement in the air quality in North America.The positive crankcase ventilation valve and gas caps with air-pollution control valves reduce volatile organic compound loss.Better fuel efficiency and specially blended fuels that produce less carbon monoxide and unburned organic compounds have improved air quality.Catalytic converters reduce carbon monoxide,oxides of nitrogen,and volatile organic compounds in emissions and necessitated the use of lead-free fuel.This lead-free fuel requirement,in turn,significantly reduces the amount of lead (and other metal additives ) in the atmosphere.Figure 17.11 shows that levels of volatile organic compounds,carbon monoxide,and lead are down significantly.The levels of oxides of nitrogen have risen,but that is the result of more vehicles and more kilometers driven.The actual quantity of nitrogen oxides produced pervehicle is down.In addition,ozone levels decreased by about 12 percent between 1981 and 2000.Table 17.12 shows
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| 回复： 发表于2005/5/19 21:55:00 翻译的还可以!
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| 回复： 发表于2005/5/18 13:21:00 铅(Pb)能够通过呼吸空气微粒或沉积在物体表面经人消耗而进入体内。铅在体内积聚，引起许多健康问题，包括精力衰退和肾脏损害。一方面，空气中的铅微粒主要来源于汽油添加剂。铅加入到汽油中以帮助发动机更有效地运转。由于意识到铅排放是有害的，北美和欧洲都将铅添加剂从汽油中去除。然而，世界上的许多其它国家仍然在使用含铅汽油，但也在努力消除铅。由于含铅汽油已在大部分的发达国家消除，因此铅水平已经降了下来。在北美，铅水平从1970-2000年间下降了98%，而在全世界，铅水平则下降了50%（见图17.6）。 铅的另一个主要来源是油漆。许多年代久远的房屋都刷了含铅油漆，因为铅的各种化合物是彩色涂料。来自于油漆碎屑、改造或破坏的灰尘释放到空气中。虽然铅的分量可能很小，但它在居室中的存在大量发散到居住者，尤其是咀嚼漆过的表面或经常吃油漆悄的孩子们身上。然而，如今，铅则主要来自于工业，因为那是金属被吸闻或电池得以生产的地方。
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| Re.救命啊 发表于2005/5/17 22:08:00 各位大哥大姐,救救我吧,帮忙翻译一下
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