[中文]低聚壳聚糖对肉鸡脂肪代谢及法氏囊和脾脏发育的影响
摘要:研究低聚壳聚糖对肉鸡脂肪代谢,法氏囊和脾脏发育及淋巴细胞凋亡的影响。480羽1日龄AA肉鸡随机分为对照组和试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,每组120羽,设6个重复。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组基础日粮中分别添加50 mg/kg金霉素和20、40mg/kg低聚壳聚糖,试验期42d。结果显示:与对照组相比,21d时,试验Ⅱ组肉鸡血清甘油三脂(TG)含量显著降低(P<0.00),脾脏动脉周围淋巴鞘面积显著增大(P<0.00);试验Ⅲ组肉鸡血清总蛋白(TP)含量、法氏囊指数及脾脏动脉周围淋巴鞘和法氏囊小叶面积显著增大(P<0.00),血清TG和总胆固醇(TC)含量显著降低(P<0.00)。42d时,试验Ⅱ组肉鸡血清TP含量、脾脏动脉周围淋巴鞘和脾小结面积显著增加(P<0.00),血清低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量显著减少(P<0.00);试验Ⅲ组肉鸡血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量、法氏囊重量与指数、脾脏动脉周围淋巴鞘和脾小结面积显著增加(P<0.00),血清TC、TG和LDL含量显著降低(P<0.00)。21d和42d时,肉鸡脾脏和法氏囊细胞凋亡数量较对照组显著降低(P<0.00)。结果表明,日粮补充20和40mg/kg低聚壳聚糖可不同程度降低肉鸡血脂水平,促进法氏囊和脾脏发育,抑制淋巴细胞凋亡;提示适量补充低聚壳聚糖对脂肪代谢有一定调节作用,对免疫器官发育有较明显促进作用,并以补充40mg/kg低聚壳聚糖效果最佳。
关键词:低聚壳聚糖;肉鸡;脾脏;脂肪代谢;法氏囊;组织结构;淋巴细胞凋亡
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[外文]Effect of oligochitosan on lipid metabolism and bursa and spleen development in broiler chicken
Abstract: To study the effect of oligochitosan on lipid metabolism, bursa and spleen development, and lymphocyte apoptosis in broiler chicken. 480 AA broiler chickens at 1 day of age were randomly assigned to the control group and test I, II and III groups, with 120 chickens and 6 replicates per group. Control group was given the basic diet and test I, II and III groups were given basic diets with the addition of 50mg/kg chlortetracycline, 20 and 40mg/kg chitosan respectively for a duration of 42d. Results: at 21d, the concentration of serum triglycerides (TG) was significantly reduced (P<0.00) and the periarterial lymphatic sheath area of the spleen was markedly increased (P<0.00) in broiler chickens of test II group compared to the control group. On the other hand, the serum total protein (TP) concentration, fabricius index, and periarterial lymphatic sheath and bursal lobular areas of the spleen were significantly increased (P<0.00) while the concentrations of serum TG and total cholesterol (TC) were markedly reduced (P<0.00) in test III group broiler chickens compared to the control group. At 42d, while the serum TP concentration, splenic perarterial lymphatic sheath and lobule areas were significantly increased (P<0.00), the concentration of serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) was markedly decreased (P<0.00) in test II group broiler chickens compared to the control. The concentration of serum high density lipoprotein (HDL), bursa weight and index, splenic periarterial lymphatic sheath and lobule areas were significantly increased (P<0.00), and the serum TC, TG and LDL concentrations were markedly decreased (P<0.00) in test III group broiler chickens compared to the control. At both 21d and 42d, the numbers of splenic and bursal apoptotic cells in broiler chickens were significantly lower than those of the control (P<0.00). Our results showed that the supplementation of 20 and 40mg/kg chitosan in daily diet could reduce the level of serum lipids in broiler chicken to various degrees, promote bursa and spleen development and inhibit lymphocyte apoptosis. These indicated that appropriate amounts of chitosan supplementation have a role in regulating lipid metabolism and promoting immune organ development, and supplementation of 40mg/kg chitosan shows the best effects.
Keywords: oligochitosan; broiler chicken; spleen; lipid metabolism; bursa; tissue structure; lymphocyte apoptosis
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