[中文] 中国经济介绍
当前我国经济发展势头良好,经济增长的内在机制不断增强,基本做到了速度、质量和效益的统一。但是我们也要清醒地看到,世界上还没有一个国家的经济发展长盛不衰,永远保持高速度。中国也不可能例外。
取得的成就是有目共睹的,但是,随着经济形势的变化,又出现了一些新的矛盾和问题。比如,国企改革问题、大量失业和待业问题、两极分化问题、腐败问题、金融风险问题、生态环境破坏问题等。这些问题都需要我们高度重视,尽快找到有效的解决办法。
当前中国经济发展需要注意以下几个方面:一是加强房地产投资引导,运用经济、法律手段,约束高档商品房的盲目发展,促进经济适用房建设。二是做好国际国内经济形势的跟踪监测,及时制定应对方案。三是加强对汽车和钢材等行业的宏观监控,禁止低水平重复建设和无序竞争。既要及早制止某些行业过热倾向的进一步蔓延,又要鼓励经济增长中的合理因素。这里需要解决的是如何掌握分寸的问题。既要调控和引导一些行业中出现的投资增长过快的倾向,又要采取措施解决部分生产要素供需矛盾加剧的问题。四是多方采取措施,解决部分地区电力供应紧张问题。要切实加强水资源管理,缓解部分地区的缺水局面,同时加快城市和农业用水价格的改革进度。五是要在当前和今后一个时期,继续深入开展廉政建设和反腐败工作。我们要从国务院开始,建设规范的行为机制,以保证政府运转协调、公正透明、廉洁高效。这些措施显示出中国领导层力求在各个层面上扫清路障,为经济增长开辟顺畅的通道的决心。
目前我国还很穷,按官方规定年人均收入600元以下为贫困线来计算,我国还有2000多万人没有脱贫。这是中国的标准。如果按联合国的贫困线每人每天1美元标准来计算,我国未脱贫的有一亿多人。我国各种债务总数大约有13.3万亿人民币。相当于一年的国内生产总值的1.3倍多。这是一种非同小可的财政负重。另外,如何应对入世带来的挑战也是一项艰巨的任务。中国的金融改革必须加快步伐,加大力度,做好迎接国际金融竞争的准备。总体来说,我对中国经济达到年增长超过7%的目标持乐观态度。
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[外文] An Introduction of Chinese Economy
Currently, our national economy develops well with the strengthened internal economic grow mechanism and its overall integrity in speed, quality and efficiency. However, we still need to notice clearly the fact that so far no nation has managed to keep its economy grows rapidly and continuously without any fall downs. China cannot be an exception either.
Our achievement is obvious. However, become of the change of the economic situation, there appear some new problems and conflicts such as the National Corporate Reform, the large-scale unemployment, the polarization of economy, the corruption, the financial crisis, and the damage of biological environment and so on. All of these issues deserve intensive attention and urge for as-soon-as-possible solutions.
In terms of Chinese current economic development, the following aspects should be paid attention to: first, we should strengthen leadership in investment of estate industry, limiting the blind development of high-rank commercial houses and encourage the construction of economical houses through economic and legal methods. Second, we should do a good job at the tracking of both international and domestic economic situation and design a corresponding plan in time.Third, we should enhance microscope supervision over motor industry and steel indus-try, forbidding low-leveled repeated construction and unordinary competition. We should stop the over-hot tendency of some industries while we are encou-raging the reasonable elements in economic growth. We should both adjust and correct the tendency of over-quick investment increase in some industries and also take actions to deal with the increasing supply-and-demand conflicts in some essential productive factors. Forth, we should take multiple-side actions to solve the electricity shortage problem in some areas. We should practically enhance water resource management, relief water-lacking situation in some area and accelerate the price reform for urban and agricultural water consumption. Fifth, we should further carry out the incorrupt government construction and the anti-corruption work. We should start from the state council and build up a standard behavior mechanism to guarantee the governments operate harmonious-ly, justly, incorruptly and effectively. All of these measures show the absolu-tion of Chinese leaders′ team in clearing off the roadblocks in all levels and carving up a smooth way for the economic growth.
So far our country is still in poverty. According to the official poverty line --average income of 600 Yuan per capita per year, there are still 20 million people in our country who have not gotten rid of poverty. This is the standard used in China. However, if calculating by the international poverty line-- daily income of one dollar per capita ,that date rises up to 100 mi-llion people who still live in poverty. Our total national debt is about 13.3 thousand trillion Yuan, equaling to more than 1.3 times of GDP in our country, which is really a heavy financial burden. Besides, how to face up with the challenges brunt in by entering the WTO still remains a difficult task. Thus China has to accelerate its pace and deepen its strength in financial reform, getting prepared to accept the worldwide financial competition. On the whole, I take a positive attitude towards the Chinese economic aim of an annual over 7% growth.
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