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IGSM PROCEDURES ANDMESSAGE FLOWS This section describes the registration, the de-registration, and the call delivery procedures for iGSM service. Logically, the iGSM gatekeeper maintains an iGSM database that stores information for all iGSM subscribers. Physically, the database can be distributed in several gatekeepers. Every iGSM subscriber has a record in the database, which consists of the following fields:	iGSM规程和消息流程 这一节介绍iGSM注册、取消注册和呼叫传递是如何工作的。 在逻辑上，iGSM网守保存了一个iGSM数据库，该数据库存储了所有iGSM用户的信息。在物理上，该数据库可以分配给多个网守。每个iGSM用户在数据库中都有一份记录，这份记录由以下字段组成：
● MSISDN of the MS ● Transport address of the H.323 terminal for the subscriber in the IP network ● Password of the iGSM subscriber ● HLR address (ISDN number) of the iGSM subscriber ● International mobile station identity (IMSI) of the MS ● User profile, which indicates the service fea­tures and restrictions of the iGSM sub­scriber ● Presence indication of the iGSM subscriber in the IP network	● MS的MSISDN ● IP网络用户其H.323终端的传输地址 ● IGSM用户的密码 ● iGSM用户的HLR地址（ISDN号码） ● MS的国际移动台识别码（IMSI） ● 用户配置文件（User profile），用于指示iGSM用户可使用的服务以及被限制使用的资源 ● IGSM用户在IP网络中的存在指示符
Unlike a traditional GSM VLR, an iGSM database does not maintain information such as MSC address, location area identity (LAI), tem­porary mobile station identity (TMSI), and authentication/encryption information such as Kc, signed result (SRES), and RAND. To implement the GSM MAP messages in the RAS protocol, the nonStandardData field of an RAS message is used to indicate the “type” and the parameters of a GSM MAP operation. Alternatively, the GSM MAP messages can be implemented by the RAS non-standard messages. In this article, we utilize the nonStan­dardData field of RAS messages.	与传统GSM VLR不同，iGSM数据库不包含像MSC地址、位置区识别码（LAI）、临时移动台识别码（TMSI）以及像Kc、SRES（signed result）和RAND之类的鉴权/加密信息。 为了在RAS协议中实现GSM MAP消息，RAS消息的nonStandardData字段用于指示“type（类型）”和GSM MAP操作的参数。另外，GSM MAP消息也可由RAS non-standard消息执行。这一节中利用的就是RAS消息的nonStandardData字段。
REGISTRATION Figure 4. The message flow for iGSM registration If an iGSM user moves around the location areas within the GSM network, the registration procedure follows GSM MAP [3]. When the iGSM user moves from the GSM network to the IP network, the registration procedure is described in the following steps(the message flow is given in Fig. 4). Step 1 — The iGSM user moves from GSM to the IP network. Step 2 — When the H.323 terminal is turned on, the user enters the MSISDN and password to activate the iGSM VoIP service. The H.323 terminal initiates the endpoint registration to inform the iGSM gatekeeper of its transport address and alias address (i.e., MSISDN). The RAS Registration Request (RRQ) message sent from the H.323 terminal to the iGSM gate­keeper includes the password in the nonStan­dardData field of the message.	注册 图 4  iGSM注册的消息流程 如果一个iGSM用户在GSM网络内的位置区四处移动，那么其注册规程遵守GSM MAP协议。当iGSM用户从GSM网络移到IP网络时，使用以下几个步骤来描述其注册规程（消息流程见图4）。 第一步：iGSM用户从GSM移到IP网络 第二步：当H.323终端打开时，用户输入MSISDN和密码，激活iGSM VoIP服务。H.323终端启动端点注册，告知iGSM网守其传输地址和别名地址（即MSISDN）。从H.323终端发送到iGSM网守的“RAS注册请求PRQ”消息包括消息的nonStandardData字段中的密码。
Step 3 — The iGSM gatekeeper validates the subscriber with the password. Then it initiates the GSM registration procedure by sending the Information Request (IRQ) message to the iGSM gateway. The nonStandardData field of the message carries the type of GSM operation (i.e., UpdateLoc), IMSI, VLR address (the address of the gatekeeper), and MSC address (the address of the H.323 terminal). Based on the UpdateLoc type indicated in the message, the iGSM gateway translates the IRQ message into the GSM MAP message UPDATE_LOCATION and forwards it to the HLR.	第三步：iGSM网守使用密码对用户进行验证。接着，通过向iGSM网关发送“Information Request（IRQ，消息请求）”消息启动GSM注册规程。消息的NonStandardData字段携带了GSM操作类型（即UpdateLoc）、IMSI、VLR地址（网守地址）和MSC地址（H.323终端地址）。根据消息中指示的UpdateLoc类型，iGSM网关将IRQ消息转变成GSM MAP消息UPDATE_LOCATION并将它转发给HLR。
Step 4 — Based on the received IMSI, the HLR retrieves the user profile and sends it back to the iGSM gateway using the GSM MAP message INSERT_SUBS_DATA. The gateway forwards the user profile to the iGSM gatekeeper using the RAS Information Request Response (IRR) message with type InsSubsData. Step 5 — The iGSM gatekeeper records the user profile and acknowledges the operation by sending an IRQ message with type InsSub-DataAck. The iGSM gateway translates the IRQ message into INSERT_SUBS_DATA_ack and for­wards it to the HLR.	第四步：根据收到的IMSI，HLR检索用户配置文件并使用GSM MAP消息INSERT_SUBS_DATA将它发送回iGSM网关。接着网关使用类型为InsSubsData的RAS“信息请求响应（IRR）”消息将用户配置文件转发给iGSM网守。. 第五步：iGSM网守记录用户配置文件并通过发送一条类型为InsSubDataAck的IRQ消息确认操作。iGSM网关将IRQ消息转变成INSERT_SUBS_DATA_ack并将它转发给HLR。