larry's blog--政治与经济词汇一

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政治与经济词汇一

Deepening reform and opening up   深化改革扩大开放
The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics   建设有中国特色的社会主义理论
The theory on the initial stage of socialism   社会主义初级阶段的理论
One focus, two basic points   一个中心，两个基本点
Focus on economic construction   以经济建设为中心
Adhere to the four cardinal principles   坚持四项基本原则
Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world   坚持改革开放
Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform,    抓住机遇，深化改革
opening wider to the rest of the world, promoting development,   扩大开放，促进发展，
maintaining stability    保持稳定
Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces   是否有利于发展社会主义生产力
Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country   是否有利于增强综合国力
Whether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living standard   是否有利于提高人民生活水平
Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay   以社会主义公有制为主体
Common development of multi-economic sectors   多种经济成分共同发展
Establishment of socialist market economy   社会主义市场经济的建立
Deepening economic reform   深化经济改革
Relationships among reform, development and stability   改革发展和稳定的关系
Deepening of reform and promotion of development   深化改革与促进发展
Economic growth and social progress   经济增长与社会进步
Strengthen the position of agriculture   加强农业的基础地位
Science and technology are the primary productive forces   科学技术是第一生产力
Strengthen the socialist legal system   加强社会主义法制
A series of policies and measures   一系列政策措施
Reform and opening up policy   改革开放政策
Reform measures   改革措施
Speed up reform   加快改革
Reform of economic system   经济体制改革
Reform of state-owned enterprises   国有企业改革
Strengthen the management of state-owned property   加强国有资产管理
Reform ofmanagement of state-owned property   国有资产管理体制改革
Reform of property rights system   产权制度改革
Reform of commodity circulation   商品流通体制改革
Reform of foreign trade system   外贸体制改革
Reform of personnel system   人事制度改革
Reform of social security system   社会保险制度改革
Reform of housing system   住房制度改革
Planning system   计划管理体制
Transferring the function of government   转换政府职能
Open door policy   开放政策
Open economy   开放经济
Open-door to the outside world   对外开放
Opening up   扩大开放
Open domestic market   开放国内市场
Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and   引进外国的资金，先进技术和
managerial experiences   管理经验
Economic and technical development zone   经济技术开发区
Special economic zones in coastal areas   沿海经济特区
One country, two systems   一国两制
Special administrative region   特别行政区
Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked   家庭联产承包责任制
to the household
Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor   缩小贫富差距
Eliminate poverty   消除贫困
Common prosperity   共同富裕
ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY   经济和市场经济
Socialist market economy   社会主义市场经济
Socialist sector of economy   社会主义经济成分
State-owned economy   国有经济
Non-state economy   非国有经济
Collective economy   集体经济
Individual economy   个体经济
Coexistence of various economic composition   多种经济成分共存
Sustained, rapid and sound economic development   持续，快速和健康的经济发展
National economic budget   国民经济预算
Comprehensive development of economy   经济综合发展
Strategy for economic development   经济发展战略
Theory of macroeconomic policy   宏观经济政策理论
Macroeconomic decision   宏观经济决策
Microeconomic phenomenon   微观经济现象
Traditional planned economy   传统的计划经济
Stimulate economic development   刺激经济发展
Commodity economy   商品经济
Market economy   市场经济
Free market economy   自由市场经济
Developed market economy   发达的市场经济
Developing market economy   发展中的市场经济
Emerging market economy   新兴市场经济
Mature market economy   成熟市场经济
Market economy country   市场经济国家
Extensive economy   粗放型经济
Intensive economy   集约型经济
Transform the extensive economic mode into intensive one   粗放型经济转变为集约型经济
Mixed economy   混合经济
Regional economy   地区经济
Internal-oriented economy   内向型经济
Closed economy   闭关自守经济
Economic growth point   经济增长点
Economic growth mode   经济增长方式
Economic growth rate   经济增长率
Economy measure   经济手段
Diversified economy   多种经济，多样化经济
Economic situation   经济形势
Economic cycle   经济周期
Economic fluctuation    经济波动
Economic miracle   经济奇迹
Economic take-off   经济起飞
Economic recovery   经济复苏
Economic potential   经济潜力
Economic sanction   经济制裁
Global economy   全球经济
Economic globalization   经济全球化
Integration of world economy   世界经济一体化
International economic integration   国际经济一体化
New international economic order   国际新经济秩序
Multi-polarization of world economy   世界经济多极化
Economic community   经济共同体
MACRO-CONTROL   宏观调控
Strengthen macro-control   加强宏观调控
Soft landing   软着路
Macro-economic situation   宏观经济形势
Macro control and micro invigoration   宏观控制与微观搞活
Control of overall volume and economic restructuring   总量控制与经济结构调整
Tight control on investment in fixed assets   紧缩固定资产投资控制
Tight financial and monetary policy   从紧的金融货币政策
Moderately tight monetary policy   适度从紧的货币政策
Moderately tight credit policy   适度从紧的信贷政策
Loosening tight monetary policy   放松紧缩的货币政策
Adequate amount of the money supply   适度货币供应量
Excessive amount of currency issue   过度货币发行量
Maintain monetary stability   保持货币稳定
Cheap money policy   低息货币政策
Adjustment of interest rate   利率调整
Cut interest rate   降低利率
Control of interest rate   利率控制
Deflation policy    紧缩政策
Market intervention   市场干预
State intervention   国家干预
Administrative interference   行政干预
Administrative intervention   行政干预
Administrative measure   行政措施
Economy measure   经济手段
Risk-control mechanism   风险控制机制
Overheated economy   过热的经济
Consumer price index   消费品价格指数
Commodity price index   商品物价指数
Retail price index   零售物价指数
Average price index   平均物价指数
Cost-of-living index   生活费用指数
Control of inflation   通货膨胀控制
Demand-pull inflation   需求拉动的通货膨胀
Double digit inflation   两位数字通货膨胀
Excessive inflation   过度的通货膨胀
Galloping inflation   恶性通货膨胀
Hyperinflation   极度通货膨胀
Hidden inflation   隐性通货膨胀
Structural inflation   结构性通货膨胀
Stagflation   经济停滞型的通货膨胀
Inflation factor   通货膨胀因素
Inflation of credit   信用膨胀
Inflation rate   通货膨胀率
Inflationary pressure   通货膨胀压力
Curb inflation   抑制通货膨胀
Curb the real estate craze   抑制房地产热
Development zone craze   开发区热
Overall demand and supply   总需求和总供给
Balance between supply and demand   供需平衡
Supply and demand relation   供求关系
Supply overdemand   供过于求
Supply exceeds demand   供过于求
Economic crisis   经济危机
Economic depression   经济萧条
MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY   国有资产管理
Establish a system for the management, supervision and operation of State assets   建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系
Reform ofmanagement of state-owned property   国有资产管理体制改革
Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and responsibilities, separating ownership from daily management and adopting scientific management   产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开，管理科学
Regulation on the supervision and management of the state-owned enterprises   国有企业监督管理条例
Laws and regulations on the administration of state-owned property   国有资产管理法律法规
Operate independently, assume sole responsibility for its profits and losses, seek self-development and self-reliance   自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展，自我约束
Uphold the principle of separating the functions of government from those of enterprises   坚持政企分开的原则
alter the government’s role in economic management   转变政府经济管理职能
Safeguard state property   保卫国有资产
Preserve and increase value and prevent losses   保值增值防止流失
Prevent the drain of State-owned property   防止国有资产流失
Reform of property rights system   产权制度改革
Definition of property rights   产权界定
Clarification of property rights   明晰产权
Registration of property rights   产权登记
Annual checks of the registration of property rights   产权登记年检
Certificate of title   产权证书
Change of registration   变更登记
Change of title   产权变更
Transfer of property rights   产权转让
Transaction of property rights   产权交易
Property rights transfer agency   产权交易机构
Inspection of assets   资产清查
Re-evaluation of fixed assets   固定资产重估
Asset appraisal   资产评估
Productive assets   经营性资产
Non-productive assets   非经营性资产
Return on assets   资产收益
Balance sheet   资产负债表
Consolidated balance sheet   合并资产负债表
Reform of State-Owned Enterprises   国有企业改革
Step up efforts to reform State-owned enterprises   加大国有企业改革力度
Readjust and reorganize State-owned enterprises to promote re-arrangement of assets   调整改组国有企业促进资产重组
and raise the overall quality of the State sector of the economy   提高国有经济的总体素质
Concentrate on rejuvenating State-owned large enterprises and enterprises groups   集中力量抓好国有大型企业和企业集团
Develop trans-regional and inter-trade enterprise groups   发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团
Reform, reorganization and upgrading   改革，改组和改造
Re-organization, association, merger, joint partnership, leasing, contract operation and sell-off   改组，联合，兼并，股份合作制租赁，承包经营和出售
Manage well large enterprises and adopt a flexible policy towards small ones   抓好大的，放活小的
Give small State-owned enterprises greater freedom   放活国有小企业
Standardize bankruptcy procedures,    规范破产程序
encourage merging of enterprises   鼓励企业兼并
promote re-employment   促进再就业
Allow money-losing enterprise to merger or go bankrupt   允许亏损企业兼并或破产
Dispersion of redundant employees   分流富余人员
Re-employment funds   再就业基金
Conscientiously strengthen the operation and management of enterprises   切实加强企业经营管理
Strengthen financial management of enterprises   强化企业财务管理
Tighten control over extrabudgetary funds   加强预算外资金管理
Increase capital and reduce debts through various channels   多渠道增资减债
Strive to help enterprises eliminate losses and increase profits   抓好企业扭亏增盈
Develop various modes of operation and marketing   发展多种营销方式
Alleviate enterprises’ social burdens   减轻企业的社会负担
By tapping the potential and upgrading the technology   通过挖潜改造
Mechanism for selecting the superior and eliminating the inferior   优胜劣汰机制
Enjoy more decision-making power   享有更多的决策权
Allow employees to hold some shares   允许职工持股
Give more productive enterprises the power to engage in export independently   给更多的生产企业自营出口权
Protect the interests of the working class   保护工人阶级利益
Technological upgrading   技术改造
Reform of state-owned enterprises   国有企业改革
Deepening of the reform of State-owned enterprises   深化国有企业改革
Modern enterprise system   现代企业制度
Reorganization of state-owned enterprises   国有企业重组
Transform the enterprises’ management mechanisms of State-owned enterprises   转换国有企业经营机制
Adjustment of industrial structure   行业结构调整
Industrial policy   产业政策
Support and develop large enterprises and release small enterprises   支持发展大企业放开小企业
Large and medium-sized State-owned enterprises can beturned into corporate enterprises   大中型企业可转变为股份公司
Smaller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives   小企业可转变为股份合作制
Readjust the asset-liability ratio of state-owned enterprises   调整国有企业资产负债比
State-owned independent accounting industrial enterprises   国有独立核算企业
Pioneer enterprise   试点企业
Enlarge the right of self-management   扩大自主权
Optimize capital structure   优化资本结构
Optimize resource allocation   优化资源配置
Optimize investment structure   优化投资结构
Recapitalization   调整资本结构
Capital reorganization   资本重组
Promote rational flow of property right   促进产权合理流动
Reduce staff to improve efficiency   减员增效
Investment risk mechanism   投资风险机制
Project capital system   项目资本金制度
Legal person responsibility system   法人责任制
Responsibility for one’s own profit and loss   自负盈亏
Enterprise contract management responsibility system   企业承包责任制
Unreasonable economic structure   不合理的经济结构
Unreasonable product structure    不合理的产品结构
Repeated construction   重复建设
Repeated introduction of foreign equipment and technology   外国设备和技术的重复引进
Regional and departmental protectionism   地区和部门保持主义
Government supervision   政府监督
Operating strategy   经营战略
Out-dated management styles   落后的管理方式
Backward in management   管理落后
Relying on government subsidy   依赖政府补贴
Heavy social subsidy   沉重的社会补贴
Heavy social burdens   沉重的社会负担
Excessive production capacity   过剩的生产能力
Merger and acquisition   兼并与收购
Encourage merger   鼓励兼并
Preferential policy for bankruptcy and merger   对破产和兼并企业的优惠政策
Standardize bankruptcy procedure   规范破产程序
Prevent false bankruptcy   防止假破产
Construction of a multi-layer social security system   建立多层次的社会保障制度
Re-employment projects   再就业工程
Re-employment of redundant workers   富余职工再就业
Laid-offworkers   下岗职工
ENTERPRISE AND COMPANY   企业和公司
Central enterprise   中央企业
Local enterprise   地方企业
Backbone enterprise   骨干企业
Large and medium enterprise   大中型企业
State-owned enterprise    国有企业
Enterprise solely funded by the State   国有独资企业
State-owned firm   国有公司，国有企业
Corporate enterprise   股份制企业
Collective enterprise   集体企业
Collective firm   集体企业，合作企业
Township enterprise   乡镇企业
Partnership enterprise   合伙企业
Individual enterprise   个体企业
Foreign-funded enterprise   外资企业
Top 500 enterprises   最大500家企业
Small business   小企业
Primary industry   第一产业
Secondary industry   第二产业
Tertiary industry   第三产业
Corporate Law   公司法
Township Enterprise Law   乡镇企业法
Independent legal entities   独立法人
Board of directors   董事会
Board of supervisors   监事会
Shareholders conference   股东大会
Entrepreneur   企业家
Firm   公司，企业
Company   公司
Incorporation   公司
Corporation   股份公司
Group of enterprises   企业集团
Conglomerate   企业集团，综合性大企业
Company limited by shares   股份有限责任公司
Controlling company   控股公司
Holding company   控股公司
Bank holding company   银行控股公司
Company with limited liability   有限责任公司
State-owned holding company   国家控股公司
Public company   上市公司
Private company   非上市公司
Listed company   上市公司
Overseas-listed company   境外上市公司
Parent company   母公司
Subsidiary company   子公司
Group company   集团公司
Large-scale industrial group   大型工业集团
International conglomerate   跨国企业集团
International corporation   跨国公司
Multinational corporation   跨国公司
Multinational market group   跨国市场集团
Banking institution   金融机构
Banking sector   银行部门
Intermediary bank   中介银行
Development bank   开发银行
Commercial bank   商业银行
Investment bank   投资银行
Credit bank   信贷银行
Cooperative bank   合作银行
Mortgage bank   抵押银行
Clearing bank   清算银行
Credit union   信用社
Non-bank financial institution   非银行金融机构
Financing corporation    金融公司
Securities company   证券公司
Underwriting company   担保公司
Loan and trust company   信托公司
Insurance company   保险公司
Life insurance company   人寿保险公司
Utility company   公共事业公司
MERGER AND ACQUISITION   兼并与收购
Reorganization   重组
Association   联合
Merger   兼并
Acquisition   收购
Joint stock partnership   股份合作
Leasing   出租
Contract operation   承包经营
Auction   拍卖
Develop trans-regional and trans-industry enterprise groups   发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团
Strategic acquisition   战略性收购
Combination of enterprise   企业合并
Concentric acquisition   集中收购
Conglomerate merger   集团企业合并
Consolidation by lease   租赁式合并
Consolidation by merger   兼并式合并
Leveraged buy-out (LBO’s)   杠杆收购
Stock merger   股票兼并
Vertical acquisition   纵向收购
Vertical merger   纵向兼并
Vertical consolidation   纵向合并
Vertical integration   纵向合并
Horizontal merger   横向兼并
Horizontal acquisition   横向收购
Horizontal combination   横向合并，同行业合并
Horizontal integration   横向联合
Acquisition cost   收购成本
Acquiring enterprise   收购方企业
Corporate reorganization   公司重组
Bankruptcy Law   破产法
Bankruptcy code chapter 7--- liquidation   破产法第七章清算
Bankruptcy code 11 --- reorganization   破产法第十一章重组
Act of bankruptcy   破产法案
Antitrust Law   反托拉斯法
Bankruptcy court   破产法庭
Bankruptcy debtor   破产债务人
Bankruptcy notice   破产公告
Bankruptcy petition   要求宣布破产
Declaration of bankruptcy   宣告破产
Arrangement in bankruptcy court   破产法庭内的协调
Arrangement out of bankruptcy court   不经破产法庭的协调
Creditor’s equity   债权人权益
Bankruptcy trustee   破产受托人
Creditor’s meeting   债权人会议
Creditor of bankruptcy   破产债权人
MARKET AND COMPETITION   市场和竟争
Commodity market   商品市场
Securities market   证券市场
Bond market   债券市场
Stock market   股票市场
Futures market   期货市场
Options market   期权市场
Property rights market   产权市场
Capital market   资本市场
Free market   自由市场
Labour market   劳动力市场
Flea market   跳蚤市场
Bear market   股票市场的熊市
Bull market   股票市场的牛市
Market competition   市场竟争
Market development   市场开发
Market forecast   市场预测
Market potential   市场潜力
Market risk   市场风险
Market share   市场份额
Seller’s market   卖方市场
Buyer’s market   买方市场
Market abroad   海外市场
Marketability   市场能力
Marketable   销路好的
Marketing channel   销售渠道
Marketing strategy   销售战略

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